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Considering the high volume of publications and ever increasing attendance at the international conferences, including the 2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference (IEEE EMBC 2012), Neuroengineering appears to be evolving as an independent discipline by itself. Continuing the legacy of the previous years' conferences, neuroengineering was one of the most represented topics at the IEEE EMBC 2012, held this year in San Diego, CA. Contributing to the interest were three workshops that focused on systems level concepts in neuroengineering: namely, Brain - Machine - Body Interfaces (led by Gert Cauwenberghs, University of California, San Diego), Brain Dynamics in Human Motor Control (led by David Peterson, University of California, San Diego) and Brain-Computer Interfaces and Electrocorticography (led by Robert Prueckl, Guger Technologies). These and other related works are briefly reviewed.
Nitish V. Thakor (Sat,) studied this question.