Stanley: The robot that won the DARPA Grand Challenge

Abstract This article describes the robot Stanley, which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge. Stanley was developed for high‐speed desert driving without manual intervention. The robot's software system relied predominately on state‐of‐the‐art artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning and probabilistic reasoning. This paper describes the major components of this architecture, and discusses the results of the Grand Challenge race. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.