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Commercial applications such as databases and Web servers con-stitute the largest and fastest-growing segment of the market for multiprocessor servers. Ongoing innovations in disk sub-systems, along with the ever increasing gap between processor and memory speeds, have elevated memory system design as the critical performance factor for such workloads. However, most current server designs have been optimized to perform well on scientific and engineering workloads, potentially leading to design decisions that are non-ideal for commercial applications. The above problem is exacerbated by the lack of information on the performance requirements of commercial workloads, the lack of available applications for widespread study, and the fact that most representative applications are too large and complex to serve as suitable benchmarks for evaluating trade-offs in the design of processors and servers. This paper presents a detailed performance study of three im-portant classes of commercial workloads: online transaction pro-cessing (OLTP), decision support systems (DSS), and Web in-dex search. We use the Oracle commercial database engine for our OLTP and DSS workloads, and the AltaVista search engine for our Web index search workload. This study characterizes the memory system behavior of these workloads through a large number of architectural experiments on Alpha multiprocessors augmented with full system simulations to determine the impact of architectural trends. We also identify a set of simplifications that make these workloads more amenable to monitoring and simulation without affecting representative memory system be-havior. We observe that systems optimized for OLTP versus DSS and index search workloads may lead to diverging designs, spe-cifically in the size and speed requirements for off-chip caches. 1
Barroso et al. (Thu,) studied this question.