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In order to clarify the relationship between ethnic identity and self-esteem, this article identifies a number of components of ethnic identity and examines research linking each component to self-esteem. Research generally has found a weak or inconsistent relationship between self-esteem and the following components: negative stereotypes of one's group; acceptance versus rejection of one's group membership; knowledge about one's group; and commitment to the group. Failure to find a clearer relationship may be a result of not taking into account the ethnic group member's relationship to the mainstream culture. There is evidence to suggest that a strong ethnic identity, when accompanied by a positive mainstream orientation, is related to high self-esteem, whereas without some adaptation to the mainstream it may be problematic.
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Jean S. Phinney
California State University System
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences
California State University Los Angeles
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Jean S. Phinney (Wed,) studied this question.
synapsesocial.com/papers/6a157c7115658026c0826c6a — DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863910132005
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