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An analytical technique for calculating the harmonic characteristics of the output voltage of an H-bridge inverter with dead time is presented. The analysis is based on a three-dimensional (3-D) model derived for generating the pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) pulse train. By applying double Fourier analysis, a generalized and elegant mathematical function for describing the harmonic components of the output voltage is formulated. The function can be divided into two parts: an ideal part representing the PWM signal without dead time and a correction part representing the dead-time effect. The function provides detailed composition of the fundamental component, signal harmonics, carrier harmonics, and cross-modulated harmonics. The proposed technique has been verified using examples and the theoretical predictions are confirmed with the results obtained from simulations using PSpice.
Wu et al. (1999) studied this question.