The T cell receptor/CD3 complex and CD2 stimulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of indistinguishable patterns of polypeptides in the human T leukemic cell line Jurkat

Stimulation of the T cell receptor (TcR)/CD3 complex of Jurkat T cells with a monoclonal antibody to the CD3 epsilon chain induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple polypeptides, ranging in size from 21 to 155 kDa. The protein tyrosine phosphorylation was characterized by its rapidity and its transient nature, returning to baseline levels by 60 min. Protein tyrosine kinase activity was also induced when the Jurkat T cells were stimulated with a mitogenic pair of antibodies directed against CD2. Comparison of the polypeptides which were phosphorylated on tyrosine in response to stimulation of the two receptors, by either one- or two-dimensional analysis, failed to reveal any differences. These data suggest that the TcR/CD3 complex and CD2 activated the same tyrosine kinase or kinases. A model is proposed in which CD2 functions as a signal amplifier in physiological responses to antigen/major histocompatibility complex without changing the qualitative nature of the signal generated via the TcR/CD3 complex.