Perceived Stigma, Social Support, and Depression

This short-term longitudinal study examined the effect of perceived stigma on perceived support availability, negative interactions, and depression. Two interviews were conducted over a 4-month period with 109 parents of special needs children. Cross-sectional analyses revealed that perceived stigma was consistently related to less perceived support availability from respondents’ parents (i.e., the child’s grandparents), more negative interactions with spouse and grandparents, and increased depressive symptomatology. Longitudinal analyses indicated that perceived stigma increased negative interactions with grandparents as well as the respondent’s depression over time. Structural equation modeling also suggested that perceived support availability of grandparents partially mediated the longitudinal relation between perceived stigma and depression. Findings highlight the need for future studies to examine the complex relation between stressor dimensions, social support processes, and mental health.