The Serbia-Kosovo Agreements: An eu Success Story?

The agreements between Serbia and Kosovo—mediated by the eu since 2011—constitute a major step toward the normalization of relations between the two countries following Kosovo’s declaration of independence in 2008. They are also a test case for eu mediation and its ability to utilize the prospect of accession to address protracted conflicts. This article argues that the eu used creative ambiguity, as well direct pressure, in facilitating a number of agreements between Serbia and Kosovo. While this approach has yielded concrete results, it also bears risks, as the process was top-down and, also, left considerable room for divergent and conflicting interpretations of key provisions. This article will trace the negotiations and identify the particular features of the process.