Comparison of Treatment Effects Measured by the Hazard Ratio and by the Ratio of Restricted Mean Survival Times in Oncology Randomized Controlled Trials

Key Points

• This research aims to compare treatment effect estimates from hazard ratios and restricted mean survival times in oncology randomized trials.
• Performed comparisons of hazard ratios (HR) and restricted mean survival times (RMST) in oncology randomized controlled trials.
• Evaluated treatment effect estimates using both HR and RMST metrics.
• Hazard ratios provided significantly larger treatment effect estimates compared to RMST.
• Observed that HR may overestimate the effect when the absolute effect is small.
• Recommended routine reporting of RMST in trials involving time-to-event outcomes.