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A case-control, community-based study of 400 patients with cancer of the esophagus, mouth, and pharynx was undertaken to explore the association of environmental and dietary factors and familial aggregation. Twelve hundred age- and sex-matched controls were interviewed and asked the same questions as were the cancer patients. Both controls and patients had diets deficient in fresh fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, and milk, but high in beans and carbohydrates in the form of rice, bread, and such starchy roots as potatoes and sweet potatoes. Patients differed significantly from controls in that they used more alcohol, tobacco, hot beverages (mostly coffee), and spices. Their meals were fewer, scantier, and more irregular, served very hot and without beverage.
Isidro Martìnez (Sun,) studied this question.