Paper ionophoresis of carbohydrates. I. Procedures and results for four electrolytes

Details are given of procedures for effecting paper ionophoresis of polyhydroxy compounds in the electrolytes borax, sodium arsenite, basic lead acetate, and sodium hydroxide. and for detecting the compounds after ionophoresis. Rates of migration are reported for 96 compounds, including all pentose and hexose sugars, the common disaccharides, all sugar alcohols up to the heptitols, the cyclitols, a number of glycols, and several glycosides and other derivatives of carbohydrates. Some new or improved reagents have been developed for locating carbohydrates on paper strips under various conditions. Sodium arsenite and basic lead acetate are the most effective electrolytes for separating reducing sugars, basic lead acetate is the best for separating sugar alcohols, and borax is the best for simple glycols. Some success has been achieved in correlating the configurations of stereoisomers with their mobilities in paper ionophoresis.