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matter, material force, or matter-energy.2 The term ch'i is mentioned in three different places in the Mencius,3 but it is in the third reference that the philosophical significance may be found. According to James Legge, ch'i is to be translated as passion-nature to denote its being a part of man's constitution and its difference from, and inferiority to, Will (chih). 4 Later, the term ch'i was used not only by the
Siu-Chi Huang (Tue,) studied this question.