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The incidence of skin cancer is increasing throughout the world. If detected early, skin cancer is readily treated and cured. It is important to recognize and assess lesions so that treatment can be initiated. It is also important for individuals to be aware of and practice measures to prevent the development of skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge and beliefs regarding skin cancer and preventative measures. A questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model was developed to measure these perceptions. Overall reliability of the questionnaire was acceptable (Chronbach's α = .87). Four components (susceptibility, motivation, awareness, and seriousness) were measured and compared. Three of the factors had similar means, which ranged from 3.6 to 3.8. The fourth factor (susceptibility) had a much lower mean of 2.9, which suggests that, although participants were aware of the seriousness of skin cancer, they do not necessarily believe they are at risk. Responses to other questions point to an awareness of the seriousness of melanoma and the effects of UVA and UVB rays. Other statements indicate a need for further teaching regarding use of sunscreen, recognition of changes in moles, and use of tanning beds.
Shelestak et al. (Sun,) studied this question.