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When it comes to transporting energy, nature has two vital tools at its disposal: conduction by heat and by electricity. But these two phenomena have never been treated equally by scientists. Electricity, via the transistor and other electronic devices, has enabled technological developments that have transformed many aspects of our lives. But similar devices that allow the flow of heat to be controlled are still not available, despite many decades of research.
Wang et al. (2008) studied this question.