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The use of sensors to sense a multitude of events forms the basis of the all-pervasive computing concepts of today. The challenge lies in transferring the information sensed over the wireless links with limited bandwidth. The sensors are normally deployed close to each other and hence end up sensing the same event and sending the information. This gives rise to considerable redundancy and energy wastage of individual nodes. Clusterisation is the common technique for reducing the load of the nodes in order to increase the overall lifetime of the network. The selection of cluster head is very important in this regard. This paper uses a multitude of different parameters such as residual energy, distance from sink node, number of neighbour nodes etc., for selecting a cluster head. A multi-level energy-aware routing framework has been proposed here. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm increases network lifetime more than the other existing routing protocols.
Das et al. (Fri,) studied this question.