This study provides reference Z scores for pulse wave and tissue Doppler imaging in pediatric echocardiography.
We present Z scores for normalized pulse wave Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging in pediatric echocardiography. Further studies are needed to define the threshold beyond which health becomes a disease by integrating other important factors such as ventricular morphology, loading conditions, and heart rate.
Dallaire et al. (Thu,) studied this question.