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During the process of promoting mobile learning on a large scale, despite cultivating teachers' ability to design mobile learning activities, many details in their practices will affect the promotion results of mobile learning. In Taiwan, teachers usually need to spend much time on managing and maintaining the mobile devices purchased by the schools, which could significantly decrease their willingness to participate in mobile learning programs. To cope with these problems, the Prepare Your Own devices and Determination (PYOD) is proposed and implemented in the Taiwan mobile learning promotion program for high schools. In this paper, the implementation levels of mobile learning in the selected high schools are analysed and reported. It is found that PYOD has been well accepted and implemented by most schools; moreover, following the proposed mobile learning model and strategies, many schools have reached the implementation level that engages students in higher order thinking.
Lai et al. (Sun,) studied this question.