Children and young adults with type 1 diabetes had significantly reduced HDL function, quantified as HAE-apoA-I ratio, compared with healthy control subjects (0.33 vs 0.36 %HAE/mg/dL, p<0.001).
Cohort (n=404)
Does type 1 diabetes reduce HDL function in children and young adults compared to healthy controls?
Children and young adults with type 1 diabetes have persistently reduced HDL function compared to healthy controls, which may contribute to their increased cardiovascular risk.
Absolute Event Rate: 0.33% vs 0.36%
p-value: p=<0.001
BACKGROUND: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Measures of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function provide a better risk estimate for future CVD events than serum levels of HDL cholesterol. The objective of this study was to evaluate HDL function in T1D patients shortly after disease onset compared with healthy control subjects. METHODS: Participants in the atherosclerosis and childhood diabetes study were examined at baseline and after 5 years. At baseline, the cohort included 293 T1D patients with a mean age of 13.7 years and mean HbA1c of 8.4%, along with 111 healthy control subjects. Their HDL function, quantified by HDL-apoA-I exchange (HAE), was assessed at both time points. HAE is a measure of HDL's dynamic property, specifically its ability to release lipid-poor apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), an essential step in reverse cholesterol transport. RESULTS: The HAE-apoA-I ratio, reflecting the HDL function per concentration unit apoA-I, was significantly lower in the diabetes group both at baseline, 0.33 (SD = 0.06) versus 0.36 (SD = 0.06) %HAE/mg/dL, p < 0.001 and at follow-up, 0.34 (SD = 0.06) versus 0.36 (SD = 0.06) %HAE/mg/dL, p = 0.003. HAE-apoA-I ratio was significantly and inversely correlated with HbA1c in the diabetes group. Over the 5 years of the study, the mean HAE-apoA-I ratio remained consistent in both groups. Individual changes were less than 15% for half of the study participants. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows reduced HDL function, quantified as HAE-apoA-I ratio, in children and young adults with T1D compared with healthy control subjects. The differences in HDL function appeared shortly after disease onset and persisted over time.
Heier et al. (Thu,) conducted a cohort in Type 1 diabetes (n=404). Type 1 diabetes vs. Healthy control subjects was evaluated on HDL function quantified by HAE-apoA-I ratio (%HAE/mg/dL) at baseline (p=<0.001). Children and young adults with type 1 diabetes had significantly reduced HDL function, quantified as HAE-apoA-I ratio, compared with healthy control subjects (0.33 vs 0.36 %HAE/mg/dL, p<0.001).