Malaria in China, 2011–2015: an observational study

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the trends and burden of malaria in China and the costs of interventions for 2011-2015. METHODS: We analysed the spatiotemporal and demographic features of locally transmitted and imported malaria cases using disaggregated surveillance data on malaria from 2011 to 2015, covering the range of dominant malaria vectors in China. The total and mean costs for malaria elimination were calculated by funding sources, interventions and population at risk. FINDINGS: are the dominant vector species. A total of United States dollars (US) 134. 6 million was spent in efforts to eliminate malaria during 2011-2015, with US 57. 2 million (43%) from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and US 77. 3 million (57%) from the Chinese central government. The mean annual investment (US 27 million) per person at risk (574 million) was US 0. 05 (standard deviation: 0. 03). CONCLUSION: The locally transmitted malaria burden in China has decreased. The key challenge is to address the remaining local transmission, as well as to reduce imported cases from Africa and south-east Asia. Continued efforts and appropriate levels of investment are needed in the 2016-2020 period to achieve elimination.