Bipolar endo-epicardial radiofrequency ablation is described as a technique for treating symptomatic PVCs originating from the left ventricular summit resistant to standard unipolar attempts.
endocardium failed. Mapping of the great cardiac vein performed with an irrigated ablation catheter (AC) showed the earliest activation in the epicardial area of LVS. A second 4-mm AC, which served a return catheter (RC), was introduced into LV outflow tract the area of earliest endocardial PVC activation, and was connected to the modified purpose-made switchbox in order to connect the tip electrode (instead of dispersive patch) to B ipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is an emerging option for treatment of arrhythmias resistant to standard unipolar attempts. A 43-yearold man was referred for bipolar ablation after 2 previously unsuccessful RFCA for symptomatic premature ventricular complexes (PVC) originating from the left ventricular summit (LVS; Figure Previous RFCA from the distal coronary venous system and from the anatomically adjacent
Futyma et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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