Analysis of the Downlink Connectivity Probability within the Two-Hop Coverage of an RSU in VANET

Network connectivity has a big impact on the performance of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). This paper studies the network connectivity problem in a VANET and focuses on the analysis of the downlink connectivity probability within the two-hop coverage of an RSU in a network scenario where data is broadcast from RSUs to all vehicles in the network. An analytical model is derived to calculate the two-hop downlink connectivity probability, taking into account the road condition, traffic distribution, and vehicle capability. The accuracy of the analytical model is verified through simulation results. The analytical model can be used to not only calculate the two-hop downlink connectivity probability and but also investigate the impact of different parameters on the connectivity probability, which is useful in the deployment of RSUs in a VANET.