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Within knowledge‐oriented, digital‐enabled economies and open societies cities as communities, governments, businesses and people cooperate to co‐create value and develop innovation for sustainable growth. Digital business ecosystems should enable value creation and development. Technology opens new opportunities for knowledge sharing and value creation and stresses the concept of business and digital ecosystem. Information and communication technology supports sustainability and provides a platform for designing and implementing sustainable development within the society. Smart cities as communities, small and medium‐sized enterprises as companies developing innovation and governments going digital contribute to designing sustainable digital ecosystems. People, businesses, cities, communities and public organizations should contribute to co‐creating value within society. Within digital business ecosystems cities, communities, governments' agencies, businesses, civil society and people interact directly by promoting new ways for sustainable and responsible development. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mauro Romanelli (Sun,) studied this question.