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Photochemical sensitization and photocatalysis have very similar definitions and are closely related. Each of the two terms are preferentially used in different scientific communities. Three types of processes are discussed: (1) sensitization involving energy transfer, (2) photocatalysis in which hydrogen abstraction plays a key role, and (3) photoredox catalysis in which electron transfer is involved. The processes are discussed in connection with 2 + 2 photo-cycloadditions and C–H activation, which are of particular interest for organic synthesis.
Michelin et al. (Mon,) studied this question.