Analysis of TP53 Mutations and HPV Infection in Esophageal Cancer

P53 mutation is the most frequent DNA mutation that occurs in almost all human tumors and has been detected in different areas. This tumor suppressor gene maintains the integrity of the genome while the mutation in the gene increases susceptibility to various cancers. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a risk factor for certain cancers such as cervical cancer and esophageal cancer as well. As TP53 expression and mutation have different results in different areas, in this study we analyzed the p53 mutation in HPV positive and negative of 113 esophageal cancer patients in the Tangshan area of China. In this case, we extracted DNA from the formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks of 113 esophageal cancer patients. PCR for detection of HPV and TP53 mutations. And then the Chi-square test was used to analyze mutations results. Our result including 59 Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) cases and 54 Adenocarcinomas (AC). AC-HPV positive patients had 4 (12. 9%) mutations and negatives patients had 7 (30. 43%) mutations while ESCCHPV positive patients had 3 (7. 69%) mutations and HPV-ESCC negative patients had 7 (35%) mutations, (P= 0. 024). HPV negative showed more mutation frequency in compare with HPV positive in this area. In conclusion: this research demonstrates the reverse relationship between HPV distribution and P53 mutation frequency. However, the very low rate of Tp53 mutation was detected and most of them are found in exon 4. Which it may be related to the elevated percentage of high-risk HPV. But more experiments also on TP53 polymorphisms are suggested to understand the reason behind these low frequency.