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, and it was revealed that the optimal value for neovascularization and osteogenesis was 1:3 and 2:1, respectively. Then cell mixtures with the optimized ratios were cultured in distinct regions of volume-reduced scaffolds and allowed to culture for 7 days for sufficient cell adhesion and ingrowth, as demonstrated by cell proliferation throughout the scaffolds and enhanced expressions of cell markers and growth factors comparing to a mono-culture of BMSCs. Upon implantation into a rabbit large segmental bone defect model, the scaffolds with co-culture of the cells had better osteoid tissue formation and bone remodeling supported by neovascularization, comparing to scaffolds with mono-culture or without cells. Yet with sub-optimal efficacy comparing to autologous bone grafts, it was believed to be a promising candidate for treatment of large segment bone defects.
Peng et al. (Wed,) studied this question.