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Higher dietary calcium intake is associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome, demonstrating a non-linear dose-response relationship with a threshold effect at 280 mg/d. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

March 8, 2019Open Access

Dietary calcium intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome: evidence from observational studies

LCLixiao ChengQingdao University DHDanqing HuQingdao University WJWenjie JiangUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological investigations evaluating the association of dietary Ca intake with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk have yielded controversial results. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively summarize the association between dietary Ca intake and the risk of MetS. DESIGN: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published up to October 2018. The pooled OR and 95 % CI were calculated with a random-effects model. SETTING: Meta-analysis.ParticipantsNine cross-sectional studies. RESULTS: A total of nine articles with fifteen studies for dietary Ca intake were finally included in the meta-analysis. The combined OR with 95 % CI of MetS for the highest v. lowest category of dietary Ca intake was 0·80 (95 % CI 0·70, 0·91). For dose-response analysis, a non-linear relationship was found between dietary intake of Ca and risk of MetS (P non-linearity<0·001). The threshold for dietary Ca intake was 280 mg/d (OR=0·87; 95 % CI 0·82, 0·93), reducing the risk of MetS by 13 %. CONCLUSIONS: The present meta-analysis suggests that dietary Ca intake might reduce the risk of MetS, which needs to be further confirmed by larger prospective cohort studies.

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