Multichannel photoluminescence tuning in Eu-doped apatite phosphors via coexisting cation substitution, energy transfer and valence mixing

Multichannel color tuning from blue-and-green to yellow-and-red was achieved by coexisting crystal field regulation of Sr2+/Ca2+ substitution, designing Eu2+ → Mn2+ energy transfer and mixing valence of Eu2+/Eu3+.