Review of CO2 emission and reducing methods in maritime transportation

Despite the lowest CO2 emission in terms of payload per unit mile, commercial marine fleet transport is responsible for approximately 1 billion tonnes of CO2 emissions per year and 2.7% of the total global CO2 emission. To keep the world?s surface temperature below critical +2?C, International Maritime Organization works with alternative methods on a ton / mile basis to reduce existing CO2 emissions. In this study, these methods are analyzed and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The future of CO2 emissions was also investigated.