Community-based nursing interventions improved clinical outcomes, including reductions in HbA1c for diabetic patients and attainment of blood pressure targets for hypertensive patients.
Systematic Review
Do community-based nursing interventions improve clinical and social outcomes in community-dwelling individuals with risk factors of cardiovascular disease?
Community-based nurse-led interventions are effective in improving clinical and social outcomes for individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of community-based nursing interventions in improving outcomes for community-dwelling individuals exhibiting risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). DESIGN: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. DATA SOURCES: Seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Global Health, LILACS, Africa-Wide Information, IMEMR, and WPRIM) were searched from inception to 16 March 2018. REVIEW METHODS: This review included outcomes from studies that were led by or delivered primarily by nurses for individuals exhibiting risk factors of CVD in community settings. At least two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction and risk of bias. RESULTS: 46 studies met the eligibility criteria. Community nursing interventions were found to be effective in improving clinical outcomes of symptom control, symptom awareness, symptom management, and social outcomes. Effective interventions were found to be facilitated by a community-centric approach, participant empowerment, reinforcement strategies, a targeted approach towards underserved populations, and home visits. These resulted in positive outcomes such as significant reductions in HbA1c for diabetic patients, attainment of blood pressure targets for hypertensive patients and greater improvement in self-reported dietary intake for patients with hyperlipidaemia. CONCLUSION: Community-based nurse-led interventions can result in positive outcomes for patients with risk factors of CVD. However, the success of such interventions needs to be facilitated by appropriate funding, thoughtful intervention design and training opportunities for nurses. IMPACT: Community-based nursing interventions are largely effective in improving clinical and social outcomes for community-dwelling individuals with risk factors of CVD.
Tan et al. (Mon,) conducted a systematic review in Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Community-based nursing interventions was evaluated on Clinical outcomes of symptom control, symptom awareness, symptom management, and social outcomes. Community-based nursing interventions improved clinical outcomes, including reductions in HbA1c for diabetic patients and attainment of blood pressure targets for hypertensive patients.