LSPP: Lightweight and Secure Payment Protocol for Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles in Vehicular Cloud

Dynamic wireless charging as viable alternative to plug-in vehicles has contributed to a substantial reduction in stopping time at the charging station. Nevertheless, the sequential charging of electric vehicles can reveal the user's personal information, including their location, by using bill and payment systems. Not only do these systems need to support location privacy, but they also should be traceable by trusted authority when cars are stolen. In this paper, a lightweight and secure payment protocol for dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles in vehicular cloud have been proposed. In addition, payment system requirements and wireless charging of electric vehicles, including architecture, security, speed, location privacy, anonymity, price flexibility and resistance to possible attacks have been described. Low-cost operations like XOR and concatenation have been used to achieve security and speed. The performance and security of LSPP, based on both formal analysis using AVISPA tool and informal analysis considering probable attack scenarios have been analyzed and compared with past methods. In conclusion, with regard to security and efficiency, payment system proposed works well and fulfills the requirements of the wireless charging of electric vehicles.