Female Entrepreneurs’ Business Training and Its Effect on Various Entrepreneurial Factors: Evidence From a Developing Country

Entrepreneurship has been considered an imperative component of economic development. This is specifically true for developing countries, such as South Africa, where economies face high levels of unemployment and poverty. Several countries have emphasised the importance of female entrepreneurship development, and evidence from the literature suggests that entrepreneurs who accumulate entrepreneurial training prove higher commitment to stay in and grow the business. As such, the aim of this study was to explore the differences in various entrepreneurial factors between South African female entrepreneurs having some form of entrepreneurial training and those who have not had such training. The methodology followed a quantitative descriptive approach using a convenience sampling method. Female entrepreneurs from all nine South African provinces were included and data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. In total, 510 useable questionnaires were returned. Data were analysed using descriptive, reliability and validity analysis, MANOVA and ANOVA. From the results, four variables returned a statistically significant value: external motivation, intention to grow the business, entrepreneurship training and education and business growth factors. From these variables, all with the exception of the external motivation variable, reported higher means for the group who had previous exposure to entrepreneurial training. No differences were observed for the variables concerning internal motivation, intention to remain in business and attitude towards business. The literature supports the findings in that females who had previous entrepreneurial training reported higher means for intention to grow their business. Surprisingly, females with previous entrepreneurial training reported a lower mean for external motivation, possibly suggesting that training may affect their outlook regarding desire for wealth, applying skills and knowledge, proving oneself and improving one’s status, for example. Recommendations include that government should introduce and promote special training programmes for female entrepreneurs and facilitate funding opportunities for these businesses to ensure sustained growth.