What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Patients undergoing urological operations (n=80). Intervention: Adiposity indices (visceral, subcutaneous, and peri-renal fat mass). Primary outcome: Determinants of adiponectin expression in peri-renal adipose tissue.

February 6, 2020Open Access

Levels of Adiponectin Expression in Peri-Renal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Its Determinants in Human Biopsied Samples

GMGulinu MaimaituxunFukushima Medical University DFDaiju FukudaOsaka City University HIHirofumi IzakiTokushima Prefectural Central Hospital

Key Result

Levels of adiponectin mRNA in peri-renal adipose tissue were negatively correlated with remote fat mass in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, as well as local peri-renal fat mass.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=80)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Population

80 patients (mean age 62 years, 32.5% female) undergoing urological operations, from whom paired subcutaneous and peri-renal adipose tissue samples were collected.

Exposure

Evaluation of adiponectin expression in peri-renal and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and correlation with adiposity indices (SAT, VAT, RAT) measured by abdominal CT

Outcome

Levels of adiponectin expression in peri-renal and subcutaneous adipose tissue and its determinantssurrogate

Adiponectin expression in peri-renal adipose tissue correlates with multiple adiposity indices, suggesting a complex interplay between local and remote fat depots in cardiometabolic risk.

Limitations

Small sample size of entirely Japanese patients
Heterogeneous population in terms of metabolic backgrounds
Cannot exclude influence of underlying diseases (cancer/tumors) on gene expression
Could only measure mRNA, not protein levels of adiponectin in renal biopsied samples
Could not measure other obesity-associated adipokines due to limited sample quantity

Abstract

Background: The interactions of adipose tissue with the kidney are hypothesized to affect to kidney function. Also, excessive peri-renal fat may increase the risk of cardiometabolic risk. However, role(s) of peri-renal fat adipocytokine has never been evaluated. Objectives: To elucidate levels of adiponectin expression in peri-renal and subcutaneous adipose tissue and its determinants in human biopsied samples. Methods: A pair of subcutaneous and perirenal fat tissue samples were collected from 80 patients (men: 54; women: 26) who underwent urological operations. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area, visceral adipose tissue (VFT) area and peri-renal adipose tissue (RAT) volume were quantified on abdominal computed tomography. Cytokine/adipocytokine expression was evaluated by real-time semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Probability was considered significant if P < 0.05. Results: Current study evaluated determinants of plasma adiponectin levels and expression levels of adiponectin in SAT and RAT in human samples. We found that: first, plasma adiponectin levels were correlated with VAT, but not with BMI, waist circumference, SAT and RAT; second, expression levels of adiponectin in SAT were correlated with BMI, waist circumference and SAT, but not with VAT and RAT; and third, expression levels of adiponectin in RAT were correlated with all adiposity indices including BMI, waist circumference, SAT, VAT and RAT. Conclusion: This study evaluated levels of adiponectin expression in RAT and SAT and its determinants in patients underwent urological operation. Levels of adiponectin mRNA in RAT were negatively correlated with remote fat mass in SAT and VAT, but also negatively with local fat mass in RAT. While, level of adiponectin in SAT was not correlated with RAT volume. Further studies are warranted to evaluate roles of peri-renal fat mass accumulation and its pathophysiological machineries.

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