Self-assembly of isotropic colloids into colloidal strings, Bernal spiral-like, and tubular clusters

We report the (spontaneous) formation of colloidal strings, Bernal spiral-like, and tubular clusters comprising spherical, isotropically functionalized colloidal particles in an aqueous environment. The formation of colloidal strings and Bernal spiral-like clusters is guided by an interplay between short-ranged hydrophobic attraction and relatively longer-ranged electrostatic repulsion acting between the colloids. When a dispersion of these colloids is densified via centrifugation, well-defined tubular aggregates were observed.