Concordance of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression between SP142 and 22C3/SP263 Assays in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

PURPOSE: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a major clinical challenge due to its aggressive and metastatic behavior and the lack of available targeted therapies. Therefore, therapeutic strategies are needed to improve TNBC patient management. Recently, atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic TNBC. The programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemical SP142 assay was also approved as a companion diagnostic device for selecting TNBC patients for atezolizumab treatment. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the analytical performance of the PD-L1 22C3/SP263 assays in comparison with the SP142 assay for ≥ 1% immune cells (ICs). METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression for the PD-L1 22C3/SP263 assays, in comparison with the SP142 assay, was analyzed for the ≥ 1% ICs in 95 TNBCs. RESULTS: At the 1% cut-off value, the proportions of positive cases were 52.6% for the SP142 assay in infiltrating ICs and 50.5% and 52.6% for the 22C3 and SP263 assays in tumor cells, respectively. The PD-L1 SP263 assay had the highest while the PD-L1 22C3 assay had the lowest total positive expression rate at all cut-off values. The concordance rate between the assays was highest at a 1% cut-off value and decreased when the cut-off value increased. The concordance rate between the SP142 and SP263 assays at 1% cut-off was high, while in comparison, the concordance rate between the SP142 and 22C3 assays at 1% cut-off was relatively lower. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that although the 22C3 assay at a 1% cut-off value compared with the PD-L1 SP142 assay at the clinically relevant cut-off shows comparable but not interchangeable analytical performance, the analytical performance of the SP263 assay at a 1% cut-off value shows interchangeable performance with the PD-L1 SP142 assay at the clinically relevant cut-off.