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BACKGROUND 1384 of these were PCCRCs (7.2%). The proportion of individuals with PCCRC decreased from 9.4% in 2003 to 6.1% in 2012. The largest risk factors for PCCRC were a prior diagnosis of CRC (relative risk RR, 3.31; 95% CI, 2.71-4.04), ulcerative colitis (RR, 5.44; 95% CI, 4.75-6.23), Crohn's disease (RR, 3.81; 95% CI, 2.98-4.87), and prior polypectomy (RR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.97-2.72). Individuals with PCCRCs had shorter survival times than individuals with CRCs detected during the index colonoscopy. Multivariate hazard ratios for PCCRC were 2.75 for men (95% CI, 2.21-3.42) and 2.00 for women (95% CI, 1.59-2.52), respectively. Individuals with left-side PCCRC had shorter survival times than patients with CRC detected during the index colonoscopy. Postcolonoscopy colorectal tumors had increased odds of low differentiation grade (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.09-1.49) compared with colorectal tumors detected during the index colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: In an analysis of colonoscopies in Sweden, the rate of PCCRCs decreased from 9.4% in 2003 to 6.1% in 2012. Diseases that require surveillance (such as prior colorectal neoplasms and inflammatory bowel diseases) are the largest risk factors for PCCRC. Patients with PCCRC have shorter survival times than patients with CRC detected during their initial colonoscopy-especially women and patients with left-side tumors.
Forsberg et al. (Mon,) studied this question.