Seam-Carved Image Tampering Detection Based on the Cooccurrence of Adjacent LBPs

Seam carving has been widely used in image resizing due to its superior performance in avoiding image distortion and deformation, which can maliciously be used on purpose, such as tampering contents of an image. As a result, seam-carving detection is becoming crucially important to recognize the image authenticity. However, existing methods do not perform well in the accuracy of seam-carving detection especially when the scaling ratio is low. In this paper, we propose an image forensic approach based on the cooccurrence of adjacent local binary patterns (LBPs), which employs LBP to better display texture information. Specifically, a total of 24 energy-based, seam-based, half-seam-based, and noise-based features in the LBP domain are applied to the seam-carving detection. Moreover, the cooccurrence features of adjacent LBPs are combined to highlight the local relationship between LBPs. Besides, SVM after training is adopted for feature classification to determine whether an image is seam-carved or not. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness in improving the detection accuracy with respect to different scaling ratios, especially under low scaling ratios.