Quantitative assessment of the entire right ventricle from one acoustic window: An attractive approach in patients with congenital heart disease in daily practice

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) function is recognized as an important prognostic factor in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). The accuracy of established parameters including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), RV fractional area change (RVFAC) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI S') is limited as only a small RV region is reflected. We previously introduced a novel four-view approach with different RV walls visualized from one apical view using electronic plane rotation, also known as iRotate. AIM: To evaluate the entire RV function using electronic plane rotation echocardiography within the spectrum of ACHD compared with healthy subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and forty-two ACHD patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic and 89 healthy subjects. All subjects underwent a transthoracic echocardiogram with evaluation of TAPSE, TDI S' and peak systolic longitudinal RV strain (RV-LS) from all RV walls using the four-view electronic plane rotation model. With exception of TDI S' in inferior coronal view, all parameters were lower in ACHD vs healthy subjects (p < 0.001). Within the ACHD patients, RV strain was lower in anterior (-15.9 ± 4.9) and inferior coronal view (-15.1 ± 4.5) versus lateral (-17.6 ± 5.0) and inferior wall (-17.2 ± 4.7) (p < 0.05). RV-LS values of systemic RV were lower (p < 0.05), but no difference was observed between subpulmonic RV loading conditions. CONCLUSION: The four-view electronic plane rotation model represents a reproducible, easily applicable and complete RV assessment in daily practice. RV function is significantly decreased in the ACHD group using both regional and global assessment parameters. Complete RV strain analysis reveals regional differences.