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Organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved impressive progress in both conversion efficiency and stability. However, the leakage risk of toxic lead in the fabrication and service of PSCs hinders their commercialization; hence, the management of lead is imperative. Here, we report a close-loop recycling strategy to collect the key materials involved in devices with butylamine (BA), even regenerating solar cells with recycled materials including perovskite absorbers and NiOx-coated ITO glass substrates. The regenerated devices show performance equivalent to that of fresh ones and nearly 18% PCE for the champions. The total recycling yield of lead is more than 98.9%. The recycling can be attributed to the unique interaction between lead halides and BA. Our strategy could move PSCs toward commercialization by effective close-loop recycling and refabrication of whole PSC devices.
Feng et al. (Mon,) studied this question.