What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Obesity (n=191). Intervention: ACE gene D allele vs. ACE gene I allele. Primary outcome: Association of ACE D allele with obesity (OR 4.902, 95% CI 2.867-8.379, p=<0.001).

March 3, 2021Open Access

Screening of Obese Offspring of First-Cousin Consanguineous Subjects for the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene with a 287-bp Alu Sequence

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

The ACE D allele was significantly associated with obesity in the offspring of consanguineous first cousins in the Saudi population (OR 4.902).

AAAmal F. AlshammaryKing Saud Medical City IKImran Ali KhanQuaid-i-Azam University

Key Result

The ACE D allele was significantly associated with obesity in the offspring of consanguineous first cousins in the Saudi population (OR 4.902).

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=191)

Structured PICO

Is the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism associated with obesity in the offspring of first-cousin consanguineous couples?

Population

191 Saudi individuals, comprising 91 obese offspring of first-cousin marriages and 100 non-obese controls, evaluated for the association between ACE gene polymorphisms and obesity.

Outcome

Association between ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (Alu-287 bp sequence) and obesitysurrogate

The ACE gene D allele is strongly associated with obesity in the offspring of consanguineous first cousins in the Saudi population.

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 4.902 (95% CI 2.867–8.379)

Absolute Event Rate: 88.5% vs 61%

p-value: p=<0.001

Limitations

Only one single nucleotide polymorphism was evaluated
Serum assays were not performed
Small sample size
Did not include non-obese offspring of consanguineous couples

Abstract

Background: Consanguinity, defined as a blood relation between couples, is associated with genetic diseases in their offspring. In Saudi Arabia, obesity is considered a major health problem associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with insertion (I) and deletion (D) polymorphisms of an Alu-287 bp sequence has been implicated in multiple metabolic disorders, including obesity. To date, no studies have been conducted in the Saudi population regarding the ACE gene in consanguineous offspring with obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate genetic associations in offspring of first cousins, and specifically the relationship between obesity and ACE (Alu-287 bp) was evaluated in the Saudi population. Methods: In total, 91 cases of obesity in the offspring of first-cousin couples and 100 control subjects without obesity but with a family history of consanguinity were included. Using genomic DNA, ACE ID polymorphisms between the cases and controls were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction. Results: There were strong differences in the height, weight, and body mass index between the cases and controls (P0.05).

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