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Abstract Peer‐reviewed journals are routinely monitored in the world of science, especially on the basis of their performance in international scholarly indexes such as Web of Science and Scopus. While critics have highlighted the bias and 'unintended consequences' of these instruments, it is not at all clear how these indexes are changing the ways in which research takes place. In this paper, we discuss the opportunities and problems facing scientific journals within this environment. By means of 12 qualitative interviews with editors‐in‐chief of WoS‐indexed journals edited in Chile, we analyse the editors' perceptions and strategies to surf within this environment. The article highlights the current tensions that indexation brings for the journals and some strategies to cope with them, the negotiation processes with their traditional audiences, and the conflicts that emerge in the current internationalization processes led by international scientific indexes. Finally, the paper concludes by reflecting on the possibilities and pitfalls that index‐led internationalization has for journals, especially in so‐called semi‐peripheral communities.
Koch et al. (Fri,) studied this question.