Employment of educated youth in rural Punjab: Amidst Stagnancy and (IM)Mobility

In the context of larger discussions of how education, employment opportunities and social mobility processes intersect, this article presents micro-evidence to interrogate the role of higher education in accessing avenues for mobility regarding employment opportunities for educated youth in India’s rural Punjab. By presenting their career ambitions and trajectories, this fieldwork-based article maps a plethora of dynamics influencing the individual journeys. The article reflects on how social capital, caste and economic marginality affect the career options and mobility potential of these young males and females. The findings reaffirm that caste, compounded by economic inequality, tends to inhibit paths to upward mobility for young people located at the lower end of traditional hierarchies. However, determined efforts by many disadvantaged young rural people to succeed, partly supported by targeted affirmative action programmes, are also showing some remarkable results that offer hope.