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Precision Agriculture is an important application of the Internet of Things (IoT). Precision Agriculture is the solution to the food shortage that may hit the world due to the large population, about 9.5 billion by 2050, and other environmental impacts like water scarcity due to conventional agricultural practices. IoT provided field and weather information to farmers and relies on communication technologies for the sharing of information. Wireless communication technologies provide the means to transmit the collected information in an IoT network. ZigBee, RFID, NFC, Bluetooth, BLE, LTE, 6LoPWAN, Sigfox, and LoRa are the major technologies deployed in IoT for agriculture. Wireless communication technologies differ in their data communication range and power efficiency. Some are suitable for short-distance monitoring while few offer the long communication range for monitoring and control. Various available wireless communication technologies are revied in this article for their technical specifications and their applicability in Precision Agriculture.
Singh et al. (2021) studied this question.