Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Our on-going concern has been the internationalisation of the varsity particularly on developing globalised learners in answering the needs for developing matured cross-border education in the age of The Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) which is now quickened by the outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the subsequent disruptions of physical contacts. Our flagship experiments of the global classroom-termed as Heuta'18 and Heuta'19-were ones that applied video conferencing, social media and online collaborative tools like Dropbox Paper within the heutagogy framework set for intercultural group learning. These are relatively new forms of educational methods that utilise Web 2.0 tools to realise a humanised learning process. A focus group discussion was conducted among the trainers to identify challenges faced in conducting student exchanges using virtual heutagogy. The findings revealed that the lack of proximities for mental security during online communications as well as the lack of references in understanding the sharp contrast between offline and online behaviours were the main challenges. Surrogation as a cyber identity emerged as a theme that was critical to understanding the new behavioural typology of the students when engaged in online learning.
Chan et al. (Sun,) studied this question.