Excess tissue sodium accumulation is a systemic phenomenon reflecting extracellular volume expansion that may increase vascular resistance and blood pressure, and can be reduced by natriuretic agents.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The regulation of blood pressure is conventionally conceptualised into the product of "circulating blood volume" and "vasoconstriction components". Over the last few years, however, demonstration of tissue sodium storage challenged this dichotomous view. RECENT FINDINGS: We review the available evidence pertaining to this phenomenon and the early association made with blood pressure; we discuss open questions regarding its originally proposed hypertonic nature, recently challenged by the suggestion of a systemic, isotonic, water paralleled accumulation that mirrors absolute or relative extracellular volume expansion; we present the established and speculate on the putative implications of this extravascular sodium excess, in either volume-associated or -independent form, on blood pressure regulation; finally, we highlight the prevalence of high tissue sodium in cardiovascular, metabolic and inflammatory conditions other than hypertension. We conclude on approaches to reduce sodium excess and on the potential of emerging imaging technologies in hypertension and other conditions.
Rossitto et al. (Tue,) conducted a review in Hypertension. Tissue sodium storage was evaluated. Excess tissue sodium accumulation is a systemic phenomenon reflecting extracellular volume expansion that may increase vascular resistance and blood pressure, and can be reduced by natriuretic agents.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: