Transition Energy, Orientation Force and Work Done in Transitional Behavior Atoms: Formulating New Principles in Thermodynamics

A study of different parameters in thermodynamics is important to explore the science of various phenomena. Solid atoms are related to the science of condensed matter when their transition states do not reinstate into the original states. The same is the case with gaseous atoms but in a different way. An anomaly in the first law of thermodynamics can be found while studying transitional behaviors of atoms. A gaseous atom involves transitional energy in a gaining manner while undertaking transition state. Hence, the work is carried out by that gaseous atom. In fact, this should be registered symbolically in a plus form. A solid atom involves transitional energy absorbed in undertaking transition state. Hence, the work is carried out on that solid atom. In fact, this should be registered symbolically in a minus form. Thus, anomaly is resolved for equations of change in internal energy of the system. The transition energy introduces different transition states in the system which is composed of gaseous or solid atoms. Hence, gaseous and solid atoms engage different orientation forces to orientate their electrons. In an atom, transition energy changes potential energy of an electron, whereby it controls the position through orientation force. Gaseous and solid atoms introduce cooling and heating effects when electrons start to restore from the mid-states. In gaseous or solid atom, a mid-state exists between re-crystallization and liquid states. An electron executes dynamics by remaining within the occupied energy knot. Thus, nonstop elastically-driven electronic states of atoms are the cause of entropy and irreversible cycle.