The Connection Between Transcendental Logic and Egology: Historical and Philosophical Aspect

The article substantiates the need to create a pure egology in order to analyze the structures of consciousness. The relevance of egological research is to form the foundation for disparate cognitive sciences. On the basis of the historical and philosophical approach, the idea of transcendental logic is considered and it is concluded that it is essentially correlated with the analysis of consciousness. Transcendental logic takes into account the pure content of human thinking, which is not reduced to an empirical composition. Results. 1. The question of the dual nature of logic was first raised by the ancient Stoics, who included in it a section devoted to the analysis of impressions and the formulation of criteria for knowledge. 2. The idea of transcendental logic is presented in its expanded form in the works of Kant, who divided it into analytics and dialectics. In the analytical section, Kant is confronted with a paradox — with the division of the pure I into two parts: active subject and passive object. The identity of these parts does not give any knowledge of how the pure I exist in itself. As a result of the transcendental analysis, a distinction is introduced between the pure and the empirical subject. 3. Hegel’s critical reinterpretation of the idea of transcendental logic leads to a new division, in which it corresponds to an objective logic that takes into account the content of knowledge and its origin. 4. The connection between logic and egology was found in Husserl’s later works, most systematically in “Formal and Transcendental Logic”. Transcendental logic is a subjectively oriented study that clarifies the constitutive activity of pure consciousness. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the pure I as a subject of egology contains and produces objective logical formations. Formal logic is concerned with inference and proof, being a demonstrative rather than descriptive discipline. This lack of formal logic can only be eliminated by transcendental logic, which directly addresses the experience of pure consciousness. It should be used to study the subjective structures that underlie theoretical reason. Thanks to the experience of egology, there is a real opportunity in the future to solve the question of reason in its relevance and live performance, in which objective formations find their source.