A Novel Fast Fixed-Time Backstepping Control of DC Microgrids Feeding Constant Power Loads

The nonlinear behavior of constant power loads (CPLs) and their negative incremental impedance, which impose adverse effects on system damping and stability margins, necessitate developing proper strategies for the efficient implementation framework of a dc microgrid. In this article, a fixed-time sliding-mode disturbance observer is first addressed to provide an estimation of the instantaneous power flow moving along the uncertain CPLs with time-varying nature within a fixed time. It not only expedites the estimation rate but also improves the robustness against physical parameter variation. The fast fixed-time backstepping technique is, then, developed based on the estimated load power to control the duty cycle of the boost converter such that the entire power grid becomes stable and the desired voltage of the dc bus is tracked within a fixed time irrespective of the initial conditions. A rigorous Lyapunov-based approach is represented to guarantee the fixed-time stability of the proposed scheme. Finally, to validate the merits and implementation feasibility of the proposed methodology, the experimental realization is represented under various operating case studies.