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In this research work, a π-shaped slotted microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with a partial ground structure for lower fifth generation (5G)/wireless fidelity (WiFi)/worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications is presented. The proposed MPA is optimized and designed by using the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio (MWS) suite version of 2018. The π-shaped slotted MPA is mounted on low loss dielectric material Rogers RT5880 with a height of 0.79 mm and relative permittivity of 2.2. The length ( L ) and the width ( W ) of the π-slotted antenna are 35 mm and 31 mm respectively, which covers the operating frequency range 2.87–5.47 GHz. The MPA has a wide impedance bandwidth (2600 MHz), high radiation efficiency (90.88%), acceptable gain (2.647 dB) and low return loss (simulated: -36.81, measured: -25 dB). The VSWR over the entire operating frequency is regarded as 1 < voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2 and VSWR is 1.0293 at centre frequency 3.47 GHz. The current distribution on the surface as well as the input impedance of the π-shaped slotted MPA are also favorable. The MPA shows an omni-directional property over the entire operating frequency band. Since the time domain, frequency domain and fabricated results are buttressed by each other, the designed π-slotted MPA is one of the best candidates for high speed lower 5G/WiFi/WiMAX communication applications.
Paul et al. (2022) studied this question.