A Cluster-Based UE-Scheduling Scheme for NR-V2X

The New Radio Vehicle-to-Everything (NR-V2X) technology investigated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) explores the high reliability requirement to support message dissemination by vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) distributed communications for safety applications via a direct communication interface. However, the natural commonality of distributed resource selection may lead to severe resource collisions in a dense high mobility environment. In this paper, we propose a UE-scheduling resource allocation scheme to reduce distributed resource contentions, where vehicles are clustered autonomously based on orthogonal resource sets detection and the cluster size is determined by the cluster-joining threshold. In addition, the algorithms of clustering maintenance are designed to improve the stability of clusters by periodically checking the status of the resource sets and the movement of vehicles. Furthermore, a detailed frame structure design is described, and theoretical performance analysis models of the proposed scheme in different traffic scenarios are investigated. Finally, simulations and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can reduce packet collisions and increase the packet delivery ratio compared to the conventional distributed scheme, and outperforms some existing schemes in cluster stability.