Real-Time AI-Based Anomaly Detection and Classification in Power Electronics Dominated Grids

Real-time anomaly detection system (ADS) and anomaly classification system (ACS) techniques are becoming a crucial need for future power electronic dominated grid (PEDG). Artificial intelligence techniques such as recurrent neural networks, specifically long short-term memory (LSTM) provide a promising solution to detect anomalies in power grids. The main challenge is the implementation of these methods for real-time detection and classification for preventing catastrophic failure in PEDG. This article is addressing the challenge for detection and classification of anomalies in real-time in PEDG. The proposed approach is based on integration of model predictive control (MPC) and LSTM for realizing real-time ADS and ACS. The LSTM detection network can utilize the same time-series input data as the MPC, allowing for anomaly classification and correction. The proposed integrated LSTM-MPC approach has features of power electronics internal failure detection and corrective actions, which is an important aspect in future PEDG to differentiate inverters internal failures versus anomalies. Such internal failures include open circuit fault that needs to be detected and classified from a potential cyber-attack, allowing resilient operation of PEDG. The proposed integrated LSTM-MPC scheme for real-time ADS and ACS scheme is tested on a realistic 14-bus system dominated with inverters forming PEDG.